(A thenin kan tupui chiah lo nangin, part 2 chu kan post leh tho ang e. Tah hian kan titawp mai dawn nia)
2. Formaldehyde: Mizoramah zu chhia in avanga thi sawi tur an tam hle. Zu chhia kan tih hi zu (alcohol) chikhat methanol a ni tlangpui a. Chu chu kan taksa a enzymes awm ten formaldehyde-ah an lo let a. Chu chu tur hlauhawm tak thihna thlen fo thin a ni. Formaldehyde hi textile (puan leh thawmhnaw siamna lam) product chi hrang hrangah a chhuar (creasing) tur ven nan an telh thin a, air freshner (boruak ti thiang tu) ah leh zakhnuai rimchhia tihreh nana an hman thin (deodorant)-ah te telh a ni thin bawk. US Environmental Protection Agency chuan carcinogen (cancer thlen thei) zingah formaldehyde hi a chhiar tel a. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) pawh in hrawk cancer thlentu ni ngeia an ngaih thu an tarlang bawk a ni. Sweden-ah leh Japan-ah chuan cosmetic product a telh an khap bur tawh a ni.
Hurricane Katrina leh Hurricane Rita avanga harsatna tawk American chhungkaw thahnem tham tak chu US Federal Emergency Management Acency te chuan in kal thei (mobile homes) kum 2006 atang khan a pe hlawm a. Mahse chunga cheng mi thenkhat chuan thaw tha thei lo te, thaw hah (asthma) leh bronchitis te, hnar thi leh lu na reh thei lo an neih thu an sawi ta fo mai a. Chung in kal thei te chu formaldehyde hmang resin atanga siam an ni hlawm a ni.
The United States Centers For Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in chung inchhung boruaka formaldehyde awm zat an han chhuichian hnu chuan mihring taksa tana tha lo tur khawp a tam a awm a ni tih an hmuchhuak a, chhungkaw 519 te chu rauh san thui tura hriattir an ni ta nghe nghe a ni. Ram kangah te, motor tlan khuah te, meizial zuk atang ten formaldehyde hi a insiam thei a. Tin, eitur chi hrang hrang heng noodles-ah te, sangha tin-ah te, arsa atanga siam eitur hrang hrangah leh beer-ah te telh an ni fo bawk a ni.
3. Endocrine disruptors: Endocrine system kan tih chuan kan taksa a hormones chi hrang hrang siamchhuak tu be (glands) te leh chumi lo dawngsawnga, an nih dan tur anga hna thawh tirtu te a huam a. Chemicals thenkhat, kan taksa a lut a, hormones (be atanga thil insiam, thisen a lut, an nihna ang zel a taksa bung hrang hrang a hna thawk thin a ni. Be in hormones a pek chhuah a zirin kan sam rawng te, kan mit rawngte a lo danglam thin) hna thawh tur lo dang emaw lo khawihbuai thin emaw an awm.
Chungte chu endocrine disruptors an tih te chu a ni. Heng chemicals te hian inthlahchhawnna lamah harsatna chi hrang hrang an siam thei a, chi nung tha lo/chi chaklo (reduced fertility) te, mipa leh hmeichhia a inthlahchhawnna kawng (reproductive tract) chiangkuang lo te, hmeichhe thi neih chungchanga harsatna chi hrang hrangte, thluak leh rilru lam a chiangkuan lohna te, immune system tha lo leh cancer chi hrang hrang te an thlen thei a ni. A hma a kan tarlan tak tunlai khawvelin a a buaipui chhoh mek khawvel pum huap a tuai/pa thei lo pun na chhan pawh heng endocrine disrupting chemicals vang hi a ni. Kan nitin nuna endocrine disruptor langsar zual thenkhat lo bihchiang dawn ila:
i) DDT: Kum 1936 khan Colorado hmuna sephung (beetle) chi khat, alu eichhe thin te thah nana hman hmasak ber a ni. Indopui pahnihna hmalam kha chuan rannung (insect) thah nan Japan rama pangpar chikhat atanga an lakchhuah pyrethrum an tih chu hman a ni thin a. Indopui a lo chhuah khan Japan chuan pyrethrum a siamchhuah thin chu a lo tih tawp tak avangin a aiawh tu atan DDT hi an hmang ta a ni.
Malaria leh typhus natna a darh mai an hlauh avangin tangrual sipai te hnenah sem niin an mut puan, khum leh chenna hmun hruk nan an hmang thin. Indopui a zawh khan khawvel pumah hman chhunzawm zel a ni a, mahse kum 1946 atang daih tawh khan sava, sangha leh rannung thenkhat ah a hlauhawm zia hmuh tan a lo ni tawh. Endocrine disruptor a ni tih hriatchhuah a nih hnu phei chuan ram changkang zawk te chuan siamchhuah leh hman an khap ta a ni.
ii) Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs): PCBs te hi thil siamchhuah chi hrang hrangah coolant atan leh lubricants atan an hmang thin. Benzene leh chlorine tihsat atanga siam niin kum 1927 khan Swann Chemical Company te chuan sumdawnna thil atan an siamchhuak tan a. Vun, thin leh thluak cancer a siam thei nia hriat a niin arngeng chi khat chloracne an tih chu a awmtir thei bawk. Tun hnai maia zirchianna atangin endocrine disruptor a ni tih leh naupangah nih tur ang aia thau (obesity) a awmtir thei a ni tih hmuhchhuah a ni a. Khawvel pum huapin kum 1977 khan khap a lo ni tawh a, mahse tun thlengin hmuh tur an la awm a ni.
iii) Bisphenol A: Plastic atanga siam saidawium (bottles) chi hrang hrangah telh an ni thin a. A bikin mineral water bottle leh naute hnute hnek bur (baby bottle)-ah te an hmang uar hle. Endocrine disruptor an ni tih chiang taka hriat a ni tawh a, scientific paper za tam tak tihchhuah a ni tawh nghe nghe. Heti chung hian chemical industry leh USFDA te chuan mihring tana him ah an la chhiar a, mahse US Congress in a hman dan tur bithliah a nih theih nan hma an la mek a ni. Zunthlum, prostrate cancer, obesity leh hriatna thazam buai a awm tir thei a, sperm count (mipa chi vawikhat chhuak a chi mal awm zat, a nih tur aia a tlem chuan fa nei thei lo a awmtir thin) ti tlemin, inthlahchhawnna ah harsatna chi hrang hrang a siam thei a ni.
iv) Brominated Flame Retardant: Kangmeiin a man zung zung theih loh nan heng electronic (TV, computer, fax machine, etc) thilah te, plastic-ah te, puan leh furniture-ah telh an ni thin. Chi hrang hrang 200 chuang a awm. Heng chemicals te hi an awmna thil siamchhuah atangin boruakah an put chhuak zung zung thin a, chuta tang chuan kan taksa-ah lutin, kan thisenah leh hriatna tha zamah te bu an khuar ta thin a ni.
Polybrominated diphenyl ether: Hei hi a chunga kan sawi brominated flame retardant te zing ami kha a ni a, hman nasat ber te zing ami a ni. US ah khuan kum 1960-1970 inkar khan kum tin mi 6000 chuang in kang avangin an thi ziah a. A chhan an han chhui chian chuan in tinah tun hma zawng aia nasa in plastic leh textile product chi hrang hrang hman nasat a lo nih tak avang a ni. Chung te chuan boruak lumah kangmei an man zung zung thin a, in kang a lo tam in, nunna chan pawh an tam phah a ni.
Bromine atanga siamchhuah compound thenkhat ten mei an man har bik a ni tih hmuhchhuah a nih atangin chung chemicals te chu thil siamchhuah ah telh an ni thin a. Kum 1992 atang phei kha chuan brominated flame retardant te hi kum tin ton 15,0000 vel siamchhuah an lo ni ta a ni. Mahse heng chemicals te hian mihringah harsatna leh natna chi hrang hrang an siam in, endocrine disruptor an ni ngei a ni tih hriat chhian a lo nih ta bawk nen; kum 2006 atang than European Union ah chuan khap then an lo ni tan ta a ni.
v) Phthaleits(thaleits tia lamrik tur): Phthalates te hi hmanna chi hrang hrang a tam hle a. Plasticizers (plastic tlo, tha leh rintlak siam nana an telh thin) atan a hman a ni in, poly vinyl chloride (plastic siamna atana an hman chemicals chikhat) ti nem tu a ni. Hei vang hian plastic leh plastic atanga siam thil reng rengah chuan a awm deuh vek tura ngaih a ni a.
Hei bakah hian damdawi tuamna kawr siam nan te, gel siam nan te, naupang lawm (toys)-ah te, lubricants atan te, thil silfaina (detergents)-ah te, thil ban (adhesive leh glue) siam nan te, insakna hmanrua chi hrang hrangah te, rawng chi hrang hrang leh printing ink-ah te, chhuat phah (floor tiles) siam nan te, puan leh thawmhnaw chi hrang hrang siamna (textiles) leh eitur siam sa (ready-made foods) tam takah telh an ni bawk. Phthalates hmanna langsar tak dang pakhat chu cosmetic industry-ah hian a ni. Heng rimtui chi hrang hrang perfume te, body lotion te, air freshener te, hmai hnawih chi hrang hrang, etc te hi anmahni mai chuan an daih rei thei lo va.
Chuvang chuan an rimtuina a chamban rei theih nan phthalates te hi telh an ni thin (rimtui chi hrang hrangah hian a awm deuh vek a ni, nail polish, eye shadow, shampoo, etc thlengin). Phthalates te hi chi hrang hrang an awm a, kum 2004 khan kum tin ton maktaduai 3.63 khawvel pumpuiah siamchhuah an ni ziah anga chhut a ni.
Heng phthalates te hi mihring te khawsakna atana tangkai viau angin lang mahse, USA leh European Union-ah te chuan duh ang ang a hman leh thil siamchhuah a telh (a bikin naupang lawmah) khap an lo ni tan ta.
A chhan chu heng plastic leh thil dang dang a phthalates awmte hi boruakah an put chhuak zung zung thei a, chu chu kan lo hip lutin, kan eiturah te an lo tel ta thin a ni. Europe a researcher ten nausen kum 2 atanga thla 28 inkara upa te zun (urine) an zirchianna atanga an thil hmuhchhuah chu; an nausen enchhin zawng zawngte hian phthalates an pai vek a ni tih leh za a 80 te chuan chi sarih aia tam an pai a ni tih te, lotion, shampoo leh powder hmanga enkawl thin nausen te chuan hmang ve ngai lote aiin a let liin phthalates an pai tam zawk a ni tih te hi a ni. Tin, Centre for Disease Control and Prevention in American puitling zun an zirchianna atangin, mi tam zawk chuan phthalates chi hrang tam tak an pai a ni tih an hmuchhuak bawk.
Phthalates te hi endocrine disruptors an tihte zing ami an ni a, nausen leh nu pum chhung naute a chi insiam tur (sexual development) an khawih buai thei. Nausen mipa bikah testosterone (hormone chi khat, mipa bikah a awm, a nih tur aia tlem a awm chuan pa thei lo leh ‘tuai’ a awm tir thei) a ti tlem a, nau piang dik lo leh tha lo a thlen thei nia hriat a ni. Naupangah allergy leh thawhah (asthma) a siam thei a, puitlingah obesity (nih tur ang aia thau) leh zunthlum (Type II diabetes) a thlen thei bawk.
Kum 1981 khan chemical register an tih chu siam tan a ni a, chutah chuan chemicals chi hrang hrang siamchhuah tawh 1,00,016 te chhinchhiah an ni. Chung zinga 9,000 te chu an nihna (properties) chi hrang hrang zirchian tawh an niin 5,000 te chu mihring tana hlauawm (hazardous) an ni. Hetih laiin a bak zawng (85%) te chu an hlauhawm leh hlauhawm loh pawh hriat loh an la ni a. Chung chemicals hlauhawm tak tak te chu kan nitin nunah an bet nghet em em a, an tel loin kan nung thei tawh mang lo a ni.
Tunah hian Europe a cheng mihring puitling zawng zawng khuan an taksa ah chemicals siamchawp (man-made chemicals) 500 chuang an pai vek a ni tih Express Micro Edition, January ni 6, 2000 a chhuak chuan a tarlang. Ram changkang leh chemicals hman dan chungchang a dan mumal zawk nei ram ah mah chuti fakau a a nasat chuan, keini India ram angah te hi chuan a va nasa leh zual dawn em.
